Unveiling Ovarian Cancer - It’s time to raise awareness
How can we shed light on the challenges and diagnostic journey of patients?
Fran's Case
Fran's symptoms included abdominal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, pain in the lower rectum, super pubic area discomfort, epigastric pain, nausea, decreased appetite, and irregular periods. The initial diagnosis leaned towards constipation and gastritis linked to stress and lifestyle. However, a follow-up examination revealed persisting symptoms, leading to a broader investigation, including stool samples, blood tests, and a CT scan.
The Turning Point
The CT scan exposed a large ovarian mass highly suggestive of ovarian carcinoma, coupled with ascites. Fran was swiftly admitted to the hospital, underwent ascites drainage, and commenced preoperative chemotherapy. The diagnosis extended to lung and peritoneal metastases, and Fran faced a major post-op complication. Despite ongoing palliative chemotherapy, her prognosis remains grim.
Understanding Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer, as highlighted by Cancer Australia ranks as the ninth most common cancer in Australian women and the sixth leading cause of cancer death. The disease carries a lower five-year survival rate compared to other cancers. Risk factors include age over fifty, genetic predisposition, family history, endometriosis, smoking, and hormone therapy use.
Symptoms and Challenges in Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis
The challenge in diagnosing ovarian cancer lies in its vague symptoms, such as abdominal bloating, indigestion, lack of appetite, and fatigue. These symptoms often mimic common issues and can lead to delayed diagnosis, as seen in Fran's case. Ovarian cancer should be considered in women over forty with persistent symptoms lasting more than four weeks.
Key Takeaways and Recommendations:
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Clinical Examination: Performing both pelvic and abdominal examinations, especially in women over forty, is crucial. Fran's case highlighted the potential impact of early detection through pelvic examination.
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Imaging: A low threshold for pelvic imaging, particularly transvaginal ultrasound, is recommended for suspected cases. Imaging can aid in identifying pelvic masses and guide further investigations.
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Risk Factors: Understanding risk factors, such as genetic predisposition and endometriosis, can help in early identification of potential cases.
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Screening: Routine screening for ovarian cancer is not recommended for the general population. The webinar stressed the lack of evidence supporting the effectiveness of screening in improving mortality rates.
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Awareness: Healthcare professionals should maintain a heightened awareness of ovarian cancer in women over forty with new or persistent abdominal symptoms.
The Challenge
Diagnosing ovarian cancer due to its non-specific symptoms can be supported by increased awareness. Healthcare practitioners must maintain a vigilant approach, considering ovarian cancer in the differential diagnosis for women presenting with persistent symptoms.
Early detection remains crucial for improving outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for individuals facing this challenging diagnosis. Raising awareness and encouraging patients to keep a symptom journal can help with early recognition and diagnosis to help reduce the mortality of this cancer.
Related Courses
Ovarian Cancer - Clinical Practice Review
Women's Health in General Practice
References
Optimal care pathway for women with ovarian cancer 2nd edition 2021 https://www.cancer.org.au/assets/pdf/ovarian-cancer-2nd-edition
Clinical practice guideline - Australian Government 2011 https://canceraustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/__migrated_guidelines/guideline_14.pdf
Quick reference guide https://www.cancer.org.au/assets/pdf/ovarian-cancer-quick-reference-guide
Optimal tumour tissue collection in newly diagnosed, advanced ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer patients https://www.datocms-assets.com/102334/1705629097-oca-tumour-testing-guidelines-0124-final.pdf
Patient information https://www.cancer.org.au/assets/pdf/ovarian-cancer-english
Susan is the Head of Nursing Education for the Medcast Group.
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